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How to get started with Linux: A beginner's guide. The world of Linux is ready to welcome you, with a shower of free open- source software you can use on any PC: hundreds of active Linux distributions, and dozens of different desktop environments you could run on them. It’s a far cry from the one- size- fits- all, this- is- just- what- comes- with- your- PC vision of Windows.
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Everything from software installation to hardware drivers works differently on Linux, though, which can be daunting. Take heart—you don’t even need to install Linux on your PC to get started. Here’s everything you need to know. Choose and download a Linux distro. The first step is choosing the Linux distribution you’ll want to use.
Fedora Linux with the Gnome Shell desktop. Unlike Windows 1. Linux. Linux distributions take the Linux kernel and combine it with other software like the GNU core utilities, X. Each distribution unites some combination of these elements into a single operating system you can install. Distro. Watch offers a good, in- depth summary of all the major Linux distributions you might want to try. Ubuntu is a fine place to start for former (or curious) Windows users. Ubuntu strives to eliminate many of Linux’s rougher edges.
Many Linux users now prefer Linux Mint, which ships with either the Cinnamon or MATE desktops—both are a bit more traditional than Ubuntu’s Unity desktop. The Cinnamon desktop environment running on Linux Mint 1. Choosing the single best isn’t your first priority, though. Just choose a fairly popular one like Linux Mint, Ubuntu, Fedora, or open. SUSE. Head to the Linux distribution’s website and download the ISO disc image you’ll need. Yes, it’s free. You can use the Universal USB Installer to easily create a bootable thumb drive using an . ISO image of a Linux distribution.
You can now either burn that ISO image to a DVD or USB. Note that booting from USB 3. DVD these days, and more versatile given that most laptops and many desktops no longer include a DVD drive. To burn an image to USB, you'll need a specialized program. Many Linux distributions recommend using Rufus, UNetbootin, or Universal USB Installer.
Enter the world of open-source here. Linux Mint 18.1 is a long term support release which will be supported until 2021. It comes with updated software and brings refinements and many new features to make. Hi, how to bring back linux deepin desktop? Freedom Blocks Distractions In Sync Across Every Device You Own. Windows/Mac/Android/iOS: What good is blocking distractions on your computer if you can pick up.
If you'll be using Fedora, we think the Fedora Media Writer is by far the easiest way to go. Fedora's Media Writer utility is a thing of beauty and can run on Windows or Mac OS. It's the easiest way to make a bootable Linux USB stick. For most desktops and laptops, the above instructions will suffice. However, if you want to use Linux on a Chromebook, Raspberry Pi, or another type of device, there are special instructions you’ll need to follow. Running Linux live off an external drive.
Now you’ll need to boot that Linux system. Restart your computer with the disc or USB drive inserted and it should automatically boot. If it doesn’t, you may need to change your BIOS or UEFI firmware boot order, or select a boot device during the boot process. If you're not sure whether you're running UEFI or BIOS, you're probably running UEFI, unless your PC is five years old or more.
To enter your BIOS or UEFI on a desktop, you'll generally have to hit the Del or F1. POST process (before Windows starts booting). It can be a little trickier to get into the BIOS/UEFI on laptops. Many modern laptops don't give you the option to enter UEFI by keystroke.
Some laptops may include a small, unlabeled button on the side that you can hold down while you turn on the laptop. If you're unsure about how to enter the UEFI setup screen, consult your PC's user manual. On younger Windows PCs running Windows 1. Secure Boot before booting Linux. Just use the Linux desktop normally and get a feel for it. You can even install software, and it’ll remain installed in the live system until you reboot.
Fedora’s Live CD interface, like most Linux distributions, lets you choose to run the operating system from your bootable media or install it to your hard drive. Even if you don’t want to use Linux as your everyday operating system, having this Linux live DVD or USB drive around can be useful.
You can insert it into any computer and boot Linux whenever you want. Use it to troubleshoot Windows problems, recover files from a corrupted system, scan an infected system for malware, or provide a secure environment for online banking and other important tasks. If you have more than one USB stick to spare, you can try different Linux distributions and pick the one you prefer. Another handy trick: If you enable the “persistence” option when putting Ubuntu on the USB drive, you can save files and settings to the drive and they’ll remain accessible every time you boot it. To leave the live Linux system, just reboot your computer and remove the disc or USB drive.
Use Linux in a virtual machine. With free virtualization tools like Virtual. Box, you can have multiple virtual machines (VMs), complete with their own boot sequences and isolated storage.
One of the most popular things to do with virtual machines is to run different operating systems on one computer without needing to reboot. It's pretty easy to create a VM on Windows to create a virtual environment to run Linux in. VMs are easy to manage, and when you're done using them, you can delete them.
You can even back up copies of the entire virtualized (guest) operating system if you need to. You can use Virtual. Box to test different Linux distros while running Windows or Linux. Here, Debian 9 (the guest) is running in Virtual. Box on Arch Linux (the host).
If you've never used Virtual. Box before, Virtualbox is a cinch to set up. Once you have it installed in Windows 1. VM in a couple minutes with Virtual. Box's wizard. The Virtual. Box manual's step- by- step instructions are a great resource if you're not quite sure where to start.
While using Virtual. Box is a great way to try out one or more Linux distributions, there are some disadvantages.
Virtualization comes with a performance hit due to overhead, though this is reduced if your CPU has virtualization support built- in. Intel calls its virtualization support VT- x, while AMD's is called AMD- V. To take advantage of this technology, you also have to make sure that virtualization support is enabled on your motherboard (in the UEFI or BIOS) as well. In addition to a performance hit, virtual machines generally won't have direct hardware access to things like video cards. Despite the disadvantages, if you're Linux- curious, and not ready to install Linux on your PC's . Most Linux distributions ship with the Firefox web browser, for example.
The open- source Chromium browser (or Google's Chrome, if you prefer) is just a few clicks away. The Fedora 2. 5 desktop running GNOME's Software and Nautilus applications. Your desktop environment should have all the standard bits: an application menu, some sort of taskbar or dock, and a notification area or “system tray.” Click around to see what everything does. You should also find a collection of system utilities that will let you configure your hardware and make your desktop work the way you’d like. Ubuntu 1. 6. 0. 4's Unity desktop can be quirky, but it’s packed with useful features you’d never find on your own, like the HUD. If you're going with Ubuntu 1.
Ubuntu will be abandoning its Unity desktop in future versions. Ubuntu dropped Unity in favor of the GNOME shell that comes default on Fedora and other distributions. If you want to try Ubuntu, we recommend trying Ubuntu GNOME, which uses the GNOME desktop instead of Unity. Additionally, be sure to enable virtual desktops (most modern Linux desktops have disabled them by default) and give them a shot, too. Every desktop environment has a set of tools to help you customize the look and feel how you want it to. Here, Cinnamon's System Settings running on Linux Mint 1.
If you're unhappy with the desktop you're using, don't worry. Best Hacked Client For Griefing there. While some distributions are optimized for a particular desktop, nearly every major distribution gives you the option to install the desktop of your choice after the system is installed.