Hazards & Solutions. For construction, the 1. OSHA standards most frequently included in the agency's citations in FY 2. Scaffolding. Fall protection (scope, application, definitions)Excavations (general requirements)Ladders. Head protection. Excavations (requirements for protective systems)Hazard communication.
Fall protection (training requirements)Construction (general safety and health provisions)Electrical (wiring methods, design and protection)Scaffolding. Hazard: When scaffolds are not erected or used properly, fall hazards can occur. About 2. 3 million construction workers frequently work on scaffolds. Protecting these workers from scaffold- related accidents would prevent an estimated 4,5. Solutions: Scaffold must be sound, rigid and sufficient to carry its own weight plus four times the maximum intended load without settling or displacement. It must be erected on solid footing.
Unstable objects, such as barrels, boxes, loose bricks or concrete blocks must not be used to support scaffolds or planks. Scaffold must not be erected, moved, dismantled or altered except under the supervision of a competent person. Scaffold must be equipped with guardrails, midrails and toeboards. Scaffold accessories such as braces, brackets, trusses, screw legs or ladders that are damaged or weakened from any cause must be immediately repaired or replaced. Scaffold platforms must be tightly planked with scaffold plank grade material or equivalent. A . A number of factors are often involved in falls, including unstable working surfaces, misuse or failure to use fall protection equipment and human error.
Studies have shown that using guardrails, fall arrest systems, safety nets, covers and restraint systems can prevent many deaths and injuries from falls. Solutions: Consider using aerial lifts or elevated platforms to provide safer elevated working surfaces; Erect guardrail systems with toeboards and warning lines or install control line systems to protect workers near the edges of floors and roofs; Cover floor holes; and/or. Go Away Big Green Monster Template.
Use safety net systems or personal fall arrest systems (body harnesses). Ladders. Hazard: Ladders and stairways are another source of injuries and fatalities among construction workers. OSHA estimates that there are 2. Nearly half of these injuries were serious enough to require time off the job. Solutions: Use the correct ladder for the task. Have a competent person visually inspect a ladder before use for any defects such as: Structural damage, split/bent side rails, broken or missing rungs/steps/cleats and missing or damaged safety devices; Grease, dirt or other contaminants that could cause slips or falls; Paint or stickers (except warning labels) that could hide possible defects.
Trenching deaths rose in 2. Solutions: Never enter an unprotected trench. Always use a protective system for trenches feet deep or greater. Employ a registered professional engineer to design a protective system for trenches 2. Protective Systems: Sloping to protect workers by cutting back the trench wall at an angle inclined away from the excavation not steeper than a height/depth ratio of 1. Shoring to protect workers by installing supports to prevent soil movement for trenches that do not exceed 2. Shielding to protect workers by using trench boxes or other types of supports to prevent soil cave- ins. Download Game Pc Gratis Dan Cepat on this page.
Always provide a way to exit a trench- -such as a ladder, stairway or ramp- -no more than 2. Keep spoils at least two feet back from the edge of a trench. Make sure that trenches are inspected by a competent person prior to entry and after any hazard- increasing event such as a rainstorm, vibrations or excessive surcharge loads. SLOPING. Maximum allowable slopes for excavations less than 2. ALLOWABLE SLOPESSoil type. Height/Depth ratio Slope angle.
Stable Rock(granite or sandstone)Vertical 9. Excavations: Hazard Recognition in Trenching and Shoring (Jan. Cranes. Hazard: Significant and serious injuries may occur if cranes are not inspected before use and if they are not used properly. Often these injuries occur when a worker is struck by an overhead load or caught within the crane's swing radius. Many crane fatalities occur when the boom of a crane or its load line contact an overhead power line. Solutions: Check all crane controls to insure proper operation before use. Inspect wire rope, chains and hook for any damage.
Know the weight of the load that the crane is to lift. Ensure that the load does not exceed the crane's rated capacity. Raise the load a few inches to verify balance and the effectiveness of the brake system. Check all rigging prior to use; do not wrap hoist ropes or chains around the load. Fully extend outriggers.
Do not move a load over workers. Barricade accessible areas within the crane's swing radius. Watch for overhead electrical distribution and transmission lines and maintain a safe working clearance of at least 1. Hazard Communication. Hazard: Failure to recognize the hazards associated with chemicals can cause chemical burns, respiratory problems, fires and explosions. Solutions: Maintain a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for each chemical in the facility. Make this information accessible to employees at all times in a language or formats that are clearly understood by all affected personnel.
Train employees on how to read and use the MSDS. Follow manufacturer's MSDS instructions for handling hazardous chemicals. Train employees about the risks of each hazardous chemical being used. Provide spill clean- up kits in areas where chemicals are stored. Have a written spill control plan.
Train employees to clean up spills, protect themselves and properly dispose of used materials. Provide proper personal protective equipment and enforce its use.
Store chemicals safely and securely. Forklifts. Hazard: Approximately 1. Forklift turnover accounts for a significant number of these fatalities. Solutions: Train and certify all operators to ensure that they operate forklifts safely. Do not allow any employee under 1. Properly maintain haulage equipment, including tires.
Do not modify or make attachments that affect the capacity and safe operation of the forklift without written approval from the forklift's manufacturer. Examine forklift truck for defects before using. Follow safe operating procedures for picking up, moving, putting down and stacking loads. Drive safely- -never exceed 5 mph and slow down in congested or slippery surface areas. Prohibit stunt driving and horseplay. Do not handle loads that are heavier than the capacity of the industrial truck.
Remove unsafe or defective forklift trucks from service. Operators shall always wear seatbelts. Avoid traveling with elevated loads. Assure that rollover protective structure is in place. Make certain that the reverse signal alarm is operational and audible above the surrounding noise level. Head Protection. Hazard: Serious head injuries can result from blows to the head.
Solution: Be sure that workers wear hard hats where there is a potential for objects falling from above, bumps to their heads from fixed objects, or accidental head contact with electrical hazards. Safety Checklists. The following checklists may help you take steps to avoid hazards that cause injuries, illnesses and fatalities. As always, be cautious and seek help if you are concerned about a potential hazard.
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